Whistleblower Statutes and Regulations Within Jurisdiction of the Office of Administrative Law Judges

"ACA" - Affordable Care Act - Fair Labor Standards Act, 29 U.S.C. § 218C

Section 1558 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA), P.L. 111-148, 124 Stat. 119 (Mar. 23, 2010), as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111-152, 124 Stat. 1029 (Mar. 30, 2010). The "whistleblower" provision is codified at section 18C of the Fair Labor Standards Act, 29 U.S.C. § 218C.

Statute

• U.S. Code: 29 U.S.C. § 218c
• Public Law: P.L. 111-148 , § 1558, 124 Stat. 261 (2010)

• Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1984
• Federal Register:
  • Final Rule, 81 Fed. Reg. 70607 (Oct. 13, 2016)
  • Interim Final Rule, 78 Fed. Reg. 13222 (Feb. 27, 2013)

  "AML" - Anti-Money Laundering Act

  Statute

  • Enrolled bill, Section 6314 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, amending 31 U.S.C. 5323, to add § 5223(g), Protection of Whistleblowers
  • News Release: DOL will process these complaints under AIR21 procedures until OSHA issues interim final rules (Feb. 19, 2021)

  "AIR" - Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century, 49 U.S.C. § 42121

  • U.S. Code: 49 U.S.C. § 42121
  • Public Law: P.L. 106-181 § 519
  • Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, H.R. 133, Section 118 of the Aircraft Certification, Safety, and Accountability Act, amending 49 U.S.C. 42121
  • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1979
  • Federal Register:
    • Final Rule, 68 Fed. Reg. 14100 (Mar. 21, 2003)
    • Interim Final Rule; Reopening of Comment Period, 67 Fed. Reg. 40597 (June 13, 2002)
    • Interim Final Rule; Request for Comments, 67 Fed. Reg. 15454 (Apr. 1, 2002)

    "CAA" - Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. § 7622

    • U.S. Code: 42 U.S.C. § 7622
    • Public Law: P.L. 95-95, title III, § 312, Aug. 7, 1977, 91 Stat. 783
    • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 24
    • Federal Register:
      • Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 2808 (Jan. 18, 2011)
      • Interim Final Rule, 72 Fed. Reg. 44956 (Aug. 10, 2007)
      • Final Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 6614 (Feb. 9, 1998)
      • Proposed Amendments, 59 Fed. Reg. 12506 (Mar. 16, 1994) (to implement amendments to the ERA's employee protection provision)
      • Final Rule, 45 Fed. Reg. 1836 (Jan. 8, 1980)

      "CER" - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, 42 U.S.C. § 9610 ("CERCLA")

      • U.S. Code: 42 U.S.C. § 9610
      • Public Law: P. L. 96-510, title I, § 110, Dec. 11, 1980, 94 Stat. 2787
      • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 24
      • Federal Register:
        • Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 2808 (Jan. 18, 2011)
        • Interim Final Rule, 72 Fed. Reg. 44956 (Aug. 10, 2007)
        • Final Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 6614 (Feb. 9, 1998)
        • Proposed Amendments, 59 Fed. Reg. 12506 (Mar. 16, 1994) (to implement amendments to the ERA's employee protection provision)
        • Final Rule, 45 Fed. Reg. 1836 (Jan. 8, 1980) (pre-dates CERLCA)

        "CFP" - Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010, 12 U.S.C. § 5567

        Section 1057 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010. The Title X of Pub. L. 111-203, in which this Section appeared, is cited as the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010 (see Section 1001). The provision was codified at 12 U.S.C. § 5567. The law was enacted July 21, 2010, and had an effective date of July 21, 2011, as set by the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to Sections 1058 and 1062.

        Statute

        • U.S. Code: 12 U.S.C. § 5567
        • Public Law: P.L. 111-203 , title X, § 1057, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2031
        • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1985
        • Federal Register:
          • Final Rule, 81 Fed. Reg. 14374 (Mar. 17, 2016)
          • Interim Final Rule , 79 Fed. Reg. 18630 (Apr. 3, 2014)

          "CPS" - Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, 15 U.S.C. § 2087

          Section 219 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Public Law 110-314, enacted on August 14, 2008, and codified at 15 U.S.C. § 2087.

          Statute

          • U.S. Code: 15 U.S.C. § 2087
          • Public Law: P.L. 110-314 , title II, § 219(a), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3062
          • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1983
          • Federal Register:
            • Final Rule , 77 Fed. Reg. 40494 (July 10, 2012)
            • Interim Final Rule , 75 Fed. Reg. 53533 (Aug. 31, 2010)

            "CAR" - Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act, 15 U.S.C 7a-3

            The Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act of 2019, amended the Antitrust Criminal Penalty Enhancement and Reform Act of 2004 by adding Section 216, “Anti-Retaliation Protection for Whistleblowers”

            Statute

            • U.S. Code: 15 U.S.C. § 7a-3
            • Public Law: P.L. 116-257, Dec 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1147
            • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R 1991
            • Federal Register:
              • Interim Final Rule , 88 Fed. Reg. 8755 (Feb. 10, 2023)

              "ERA" - Energy Reorganization Act, 42 U.S.C. § 5851

              Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, as amended by the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (Public Law No. 109-58)

              Statute

              • U.S. Code: 42 U.S.C. § 5851
              • Public Law: P.L. 93-438, title II, § 211, formerly § 210, as added P.L. 95-601, § 10, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2951 ; renumbered § 211 and amended P.L. 102-486, title XXIX, § 2902(a)-(g), (h)(2), (3), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3123-3124 ; P.L. 109-58 , title VI, §629, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 785
              • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 24
              • Federal Register:
                • Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 2808 (Jan. 18, 2011)
                • Interim Final Rule, 72 Fed. Reg. 44956 (Aug. 10, 2007)
                • Final Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 6614 (Feb. 9, 1998)
                • Proposed Amendments, 59 Fed. Reg. 12506 (Mar. 16, 1994) (to implement amendments to the ERA's employee protection provision)
                • Final Rule, 45 Fed. Reg. 1836 (Jan. 8, 1980)

                "FDA" - FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, 21 U.S.C. § 399d

                Section 402 of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, P.L. 111-353 (Jan. 4, 2011), codified at Federal, Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 21 U.S.C. § 399d

                Statute

                • U.S. Code: 21 U.S.C. § 399d
                • Public Law: P.L. 111-353 , title IV, § 402, Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3968
                • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1987
                • Federal Register:
                  • Final Rule, 81 Fed. Reg. 22530 (Apr. 18, 2016)
                  • Interim Final Rule, 79 Fed. Reg. 8619 (Feb. 13, 2014)

                  "FRS" - Federal Railroad Safety Act, 49 U.S.C. § 20109

                  Federal Railroad Safety Act, 49 U.S.C. § 20109, as amended by Section 1521 of the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 ("9/11 Act"), Pub. L. No. 110-53. (Aug. 3, 2007)

                  Statute

                  • U.S. Code: 49 U.S.C. § 20109
                  • Public Law: P.L. 110-53 , § 1521, 121 Stat. 444 (Aug. 3,2007); P.L. 110-432 , 122 Stat. 4892, Div. A, Title IV, section 419 (Oct. 16, 2008)
                  • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1982
                  • Federal Register:
                    • Final Rule 80 Fed. Reg. 69115 (Nov. 9, 2015)
                    • Interim Final Rule, 75 Fed. Reg. 53521 (Aug. 31, 2010)

                    "WPC" - Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U.S.C. § 1367 (sometimes referred to as Clean Water Act)

                    • U.S. Code: 33 U.S.C. § 1367
                    • Public Law: P.L. 92-500, § 2, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 890
                    • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 24
                    • Federal Register:
                      • Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 2808 (Jan. 18, 2011)
                      • Interim Final Rule, 72 Fed. Reg. 44956 (Aug. 10, 2007)
                      • Final Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 6614 (Feb. 9, 1998)
                      • Proposed Amendments, 59 Fed. Reg. 12506 (Mar. 16, 1994) (to implement amendments to the ERA's employee protection provision)
                      • Final Rule, 45 Fed. Reg. 1836 (Jan. 8, 1980)

                      "MAP" - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act, 49 U.S.C. § 30171

                      Section 31307 of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP21) (a provision of Division C’s Title I, the Motor Vehicle and Highway Safety Improvement Act of 2012)

                      Statute

                      • U.S. Code: 49 U.S.C. § 30171
                      • Public Law: P.L. 112-141 , div. C, title I, § 31307(a), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 765
                      • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1988
                      • Federal Register:
                        • Final Rule, 81 Fed. Reg. 90196 (Dec. 14, 2016)
                        • Interim Final Rule, 81 Fed. Reg. 13976 (Mar. 16, 2016)

                        "NTS" - National Transit Systems Security Act of 2007, 6 U.S.C. § 1142

                        National Transit Systems Security Act (NTSSA), enacted as Section 1413 of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (Public Law No. 110-053)

                        Statute

                        • U.S. Code: 49 U.S.C. § 20109
                        • Public Law: P.L. 110-53 , title XIV, § 1413, 121 Stat. 414 (Aug. 3, 2007)
                        • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1982
                        • Federal Register:
                          • Final Rule 80 Fed. Reg. 69115 (Nov. 9, 2015)
                          • Interim Final Rule, 75 Fed. Reg. 53521 (Aug. 31, 2010)

                          "PSI" - Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002, 49 U.S.C. § 60129

                          • U.S. Code: 49 U.S.C. § 60129
                          • Public Law: P.L. 107-355 , § 6(a), Dec. 17, 2002, 116 Stat. 2989
                          • Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, H.R. 133, Section 116 of the ‘‘Protecting our Infrastructure of Pipelines and Enhancing Safety Act of 2020’’ or the ‘‘PIPES Act of 2020’’ (amending 49 U.S.C. 60129)
                          • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1981
                          • Federal Register:
                            • Final Rule, 70 Fed. Reg. 17889 (Apr. 8, 2005)
                            • Interim Final Rule, 69 Fed. Reg. 17587 (Apr. 4, 2004)

                            "SDW" - Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 U.S.C. § 300j-9

                            • U.S. Code: 42 U.S.C. § 300j-9
                            • Public Law: P.L. 93-523, § 2(a), Dec. 16, 1974, 88 Stat. 1692
                            • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 24
                            • Federal Register:
                              • Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 2808 (Jan. 18, 2011)
                              • Interim Final Rule, 72 Fed. Reg. 44956 (Aug. 10, 2007)
                              • Final Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 6614 (Feb. 9, 1998)
                              • Proposed Amendments, 59 Fed. Reg. 12506 (Mar. 16, 1994) (to implement amendments to the ERA's employee protection provision)
                              • Final Rule, 45 Fed. Reg. 1836 (Jan. 8, 1980)

                              "SOX" - Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1514A

                              Section 806 of the Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability Act of 2002, Title VIII of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, P.L. No. 107-204. Section 806 is codified as 18 U.S.C. § 1514A. Title VIII of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, in which Section 806 resides, has the short title "Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability Act of 2002." The law is most often popularly referred to as "SOX." This provision was amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (Public Law No. 111-203)

                              Statute

                              • U.S. Code: 18 U.S.C. § 1514A
                              • Public Law: P.L. 107-204 , title VIII, § 806(a), July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 802; amended P.L. 111-203 , title IX, § § 922(b), (c), 929A, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1848, 1852
                              • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1980
                              • Federal Register:
                                • Final Rule, 80 Fed. Reg. 11865 (Mar. 5, 2015)
                                • Interim Final Rule; correction, 76 Fed. Reg. 78150 (Dec. 16, 2011)
                                • Interim Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 68084 (Nov. 3, 2011)
                                • Final Rule, 69 Fed. Reg. 52105 (Aug. 24, 2004)
                                • Interim Final Rule, 68 Fed. Reg. 31860 (May 28, 2003)

                                "SPA" - Seaman's Protection Act, 46 U.S.C. § 2114

                                Amended by Section 611 of the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2010, P.L. 111-281

                                Statute

                                • U.S. Code: 46 U.S.C. § 2114
                                • Public Law: P.L. 98-557, § 13(a), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2863 ; amended P. L. 107-295, title IV, § 428, Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2127; P.L. 111-281 , title VI, § 611(a), Oct. 15, 2010, 124 Stat. 2969; Pub. L. 107-295, § 428(b), added pars. (3) and (4).
                                • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1986
                                • Federal Register:
                                  • Final Rule, 81 Fed. Reg. 63396 (Sept 15, 2016)
                                  • Interim Final Rule, 78 Fed. Reg. 8390 (Feb. 6, 2013)

                                  "SWD" - Solid Waste Disposal Act, 42 U.S.C. § 6971

                                  Section 7001 of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

                                  Statute

                                  • U.S. Code: 42 U.S.C. § 6971
                                  • Public Law: P.L. 94-580, § 2, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2824 ; amended P.L. 96-482, § 24, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2347
                                  • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 24
                                  • Federal Register:
                                    • Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 2808 (Jan. 18, 2011)
                                    • Interim Final Rule, 72 Fed. Reg. 44956 (Aug. 10, 2007)
                                    • Final Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 6614 (Feb. 9, 1998)
                                    • Proposed Amendments, 59 Fed. Reg. 12506 (Mar. 16, 1994) (to implement amendments to the ERA's employee protection provision)
                                    • Final Rule, 45 Fed. Reg. 1836 (Jan. 8, 1980)

                                    "STA" - Surface Transportation Assistance Act, 49 U.S.C. § 31105

                                    Section 31106 was amended by Section 1536 of the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007, P.L. 110-53 (Aug. 3, 2017)

                                    Statute

                                    • U.S. Code: 49 U.S.C. § 31105
                                    • Public Law: P L. 103-272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 990 ; P.L. 110-53 , title XV, § 1536, Aug. 3, 2007, 121 Stat. 464
                                    • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1978
                                    • Federal Register:
                                      • Final Rule, 77 Fed. Reg. 44121 (July 27, 2012)
                                      • Clarification, 75 Fed. 71356 (Nov. 23, 2010)
                                      • Interim Final Rule; Request For Comments, 75 FR 53544 (Aug. 31, 2010)
                                      • Final Rule, 53 Fed. Reg. 47676 (Nov. 25, 1988)
                                      • Interim Final Rule, 51 Fed. Reg. 42091 (Nov. 21, 1986)

                                      "TAX" - Taxpayer First Act, 26 U.S.C. § 7623(d)

                                      • U.S. Code: 26 U.S.C. § 7623(d)
                                      • Public Law: P.L. 116-25, July 1, 2019, 133 Stat. 981
                                      • Final Rule, 88 Fed. Reg. 15271 (Mar. 13, 2023)

                                      Regulations

                                      • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 1989
                                      • Federal Register:
                                        • Interim Final Rule, 87 Fed. Reg. 12575 (Mar. 7, 2022)

                                        "TSC" - Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. § 2622

                                        • U.S. Code: 15 U.S.C. § 2622
                                        • Public Law: P.L. 94-469, title I, § 23, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2044 ; P.L. 98-620, title IV, § 402(19), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3358 ; renumbered title I, P.L. 99-519, § 3(c)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2989
                                        • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 24
                                        • Federal Register:
                                          • Final Rule, 76 Fed. Reg. 2808 (Jan. 18, 2011)
                                          • Interim Final Rule, 72 Fed. Reg. 44956 (Aug. 10, 2007)
                                          • Final Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 6614 (Feb. 9, 1998)
                                          • Proposed Amendments, 59 Fed. Reg. 12506 (Mar. 16, 1994) (to implement amendments to the ERA's employee protection provision)
                                          • Final Rule, 45 Fed. Reg. 1836 (Jan. 8, 1980)

                                          "UMC" - United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act

                                          Statute

                                          • 19 U.S.C. 1508(b)(4) & 19 U.S.C. 4535(b)

                                          Regulations

                                          • Code of Federal Regulations: 29 C.F.R. Part 810
                                          • Federal Register:
                                            • Interim Final Rule, High-Wage Components of the Labor Value Content Requirements Under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act, 29 CFR Part 810, 85 Fed. Reg. 39782 (July 1, 2020)